Senka, all the problems you've encountered are storyline dependent. Most of the quests in Halruaa are for mages. If you don't have a well prepared mage in your party, then you'll not be able to do anything in Halruaa including fighting except a couple of minor quests. For more details please write me e-mail.
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I return it to Lavallin... its HIS ring, BTW. I'm not sure I have a right to take it.
Lawfully good character, eh? BTW you know you can enhance the ring later if you read Bartlemy's diary.
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About weapons from sewers: why I haven't the possibility to bye them from mage? Or to take only one (long sword, for example) and return to him short and mace? I hate to kill NPC for equipment
No, you may not buy anything from him, he is not a merchant, it's an undeground network of smugglers selling these weapons to mages. However you may trade the whole merchandise for 10000 gp.
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And what abour the ore I found early? Who can deel with it?
Rhittelium, well, I hope Cerpentar or somebody else.
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I don't understand: why you take out all my armor and weapon?
Read the dialogue between Tilorn and PC, he explains everything. You are going to Halruaa, the academy of magics where weapons and armour are prohibitted to wear and use.
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And where I can found them after?
Tilorn asked you to store all your equipment in a safe place. I've stored it in Ruins. You may store where you wish.
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There is no fun to fight with naked fists...
Sure, you need mages and their spells.
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In mauzoleum, when lich is appear, door is disappear . Is it related cases?
You don't need to loot all the coffins there really but just a single one with Kalinor's body. But if you do so prepare for surprises. This is the Academy of Mages once again!
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In one of the houses is a note. But I cannot take it: mage guard is appear.
All the chests and containers are magically warded in Halruaa. You have to think how to open them invisibly without being discovered. Again it's one of the elemnts of this mod, you need to think about your tactics, mainly about mage performing.
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And the last question: how long tome I can stay in Athkatla? It would be wise to come to agreement with Hrothgar about deadline. For example, I don't know, can I go to Winspear or Umar?
Why don't? He gives you a plenty of time, about 50-55 days with two warnings between them. If you are ready you may travel to Ulcaster on your own (through Map).
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Ih Halrua-dialogs instead <CHARNAME> - Hrothgar. He talks with himself... And other - too.
Sure, because PC is not Hrothgar or anyone else, and hence I've used <GABBER> instead. It's more logically correct.